Calculating machine



0 0 Aug 1927 c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledOct. 25, 1 926 R 0 7 N E V N I Aug. 30, 1927.

c, M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed 001;. 25, 1926' 7 Sheets-Sheet2 1927' c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1926 7Sheets-Sheet v4 [NYE/(T00 Carl M- F. Frv'a/en BY @142 %J/@ "To/runs 1927c. M. F. FRlDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1926 7 Sheets-Sheet 5n 0 T. N E V N d Aug. 30, 1927.

c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Fil 25, 1926 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 w nmwh g 1927' c. M. F. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1926 "vSheets-Sheet 7 \m MN INVENTOR By Carl M E Fr/den 4? "Tom/syn PatentedAug. 30, 1927.

UNITED STATES CARL M. F. FRIDEN, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application filed October 25, 1926. Serial No. 143,858.

The invention relates to calculating machines and particularly tocalculating machines adapted to perform the operations of addition,subtraction, multiplication, and division.

An object of the invention is to provide a calculating machine in whichthe multiplication or division of a number by another number isaccomplished by the depression of akey.

Another object of the invention is to provide a calculating machinewhich is automatic in its operation, to compute problems involvingmultiplication and division.

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a power drivencalculating machine, in which the operation of the machine is initiated,in problems of addition, subtraction. multiplication and division, bythe depression of a digit keyrepresenting one of the factors of thecalculation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a calculating machinewhich may be operated to add or subtract a given num-- her a pluralityof times without changing the setting of the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a power drivencalculating machine provided with means for disconnecting the source ofpower from the machine, when the machine has completed the calculatingoperation represented by the numerical value of the depressed keys.

A further object of the invention is to provide a calculating machinehaving a reversible actuator, with two series of value keys, depressionof a key of one series serving to cause operation of the actuator in apositive direction for a duration represented by the value of thedepressed key, and depression of a key in the other series'serving tocause operation of the actuator in a negative direction for a durationrepresented by the value of the depressed key.

The invention possesses many other advantageous features, some ofwhichwith the foregoing, will be set forth at length in the followingdescription, Where I shall outline in full. that'form of the inventionwhich I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying andforming part of the present specification. In said drawings I have shownone embodiment of my invention, but it is to be understood that I do notlimit myself to such form, since the invention, as set forth in theclaims, may be embodied in a plurality of forms,

1 It is manifest that the invention comprising the means forautomatically stopping the operation of the calculating machine, afterthe calculation has been completed, ma be combined with any suitableform of-ca culating mechanism. In the accompanying drawings, I haveshown the inventlon embodied in ,a calculating machine comprising acounting mechanism actuating device consisting of a rotatable drum inwhich the values to be calculated are introduced, but it is to beunderstood that the invention is not limited to use in connection with acalculating machine having a counting mechanism actuating device of thischaracter or to a machine having a rotatable drum for performing thecalculating operation. Further, in the machine shown in the drawings,the values are entered into the counting mechanism actuating device bymeans of a plurality of depressible keys, but it is to be understoodthat other suitable or well known means may be employed for introducingthe values into the device. preferable, however, to embody the:invention in a keyboard calculating machine wherein the values areintroduced into the machine by the depression of keys. The calculatingmachine shownin the accompanying drawings is of the true rotary type,embodying a rotatable counting mechanlsniactuator of the reversiblecycle type, which is rotated from initial or neutral stop positionthrough a complete cycle in either direction 'to perform a calculatingoperation. The actuator is rotated from neutral stop position throughone or more complete cycles of 360in either direction and is stopped atneutral stop position. The counting mechanism is arranged on a carriage,normally stationary with respect to the actuator, and displaceablelongitudinally to make direct action of the actuator on the variousnumeral wheels 'or figure discs of the counting mechanism possible. Theactuator is rotated by an electric motor, preferably continouslyenergized during the use of the machine, a clutch and stop mechanismbeing interposed between the motor and the actuator to permitintermittent rotation of the i actuator while the motor operatescontinuin the co-pencling appiication.

ously. A reversing gear is interposecl heivill be drawn to the featureswhich distinguish the present machine trom'that shown Novel sub- ;eetmatter, common to both machines, Wlll elaunecl in. the soul -co-pen l1ngapphcation.

T" J, i 11' 1 fliglfill'lllg {/0 sale as awings figure longitudinalvertical section throu h cal culating machine embodying; my inventioneliseiosing the means operatecl by the elepres of a key for con 'ollingthe direction duration oi operation of the counting; mechanism actuatorFigure 2 is a section taken on the line Figure Figure 8 a longitudinalvertical section oi the machine showing the automatic operation keys inassociation with eans or determin ng" the duration of keys being in. themeans 1 depressed i;

e is a side 5 umerical of a key, introduces a value corresponclingrecesses and the actuator and the means for operat ing and controllingthe clutch.

Figure 13 is a side elevation of the mechanism for predetermining thenumber of operations of the actuator.

Figure 14- is a top or plan 'view of the hey board which is operatedtocontrol the auto matic operation of the machine.

Figure 15 is a plan view of a modified form of the key board for theautomatic unit.

Figure 16 is a longitudinal vertical. section of the machine showing theautomatic unit modified for operation in connection with the key boardunit shown in Figure The machine shown in the accompanying drawing is ofthe key board type, in which the values are introduced into the machineby the depression of keys. The depression 3:3 the numeral on the keyinto a rot ahle drum Within the machine. rotation the drum in eitherdirection being efi'ectecl to accomplish the calculo operation. Hievalues introduced into use (lruin are trans drum, to the nuinittecl onrotation of nieral Wheels oi. a counting; inechi which, for the purposeof maltin" action of the selected values on the Wheels of highest "valuepossible, is in parallel elisplaceahle relation selecting mechanismaxis.

The machine sheath in in appearance and the mach newnee in Figure 8. Thegear train between the motor and the driving shaft 12 includes thepinion 14 and the gears 15, 16, and 17. The gears 15 and 16 are held infrictional engagement by the spring 18, and these gears 15 and 16 aremounted on a hollow shaft through which the reversing gear shifting rod19 extends. The reversing gear 21 which is provided with a groovedshifting collar 22 is splined to astub shaft extending from the drivenhousing 1". Engaging; the grooved collar 22 is a shifting yoke 23 whichis secured to the shifting rod 19. The reversing gear 21 is shiftahlelongitudinally into mesh with either the gear 2% or the gear 25.' Thegears 24 and 25 are in mesh and the gear 25 meshes with the gear 26which in turn meshes with the gear 27 oi the actuator shaft. By shiftingthe gear 21, the direction oi rotation of the actuator with re spect tothe clutch is reversed. The shitting rod 19 is moved longitudinally hythe shifting cam 28, the edge of which engages in a groove the rod 1%).The cam 28 is pivoted to the frame of the machine at 31 and is rockedahout its pivot to sheet the shifting of the reversing" gear.

The clutch comprises the driving shaft 12 and-the driven housing 13.Secured to the driving shaft 12 is a ratchet wheel 82 which is adaptedto he engaged by the pawl 33 pivoted to the housinq 13. The pawl isnormally pressed toward engagement with the ratchet wheel by the spring:3 and is held from engagement with the ratchet wheel by the clutchcontrol lever 85 which extendst-iongh an aperture in the housing intoengagement with the clutch 36 oi the pawl 33, reel-Zing the pawl on itspivot and holding it out 0% engagement with the ratchet 32. When the endoff the clutch control lever is disposed in the aperture in thehous ngthe housing is locked in nor cycle position. @peration of thereforeserves to uni it engagement on monitor. clutch control eally held inposition to lock full cycle-c position by the odies for pre .21 ofoperations of rice two seriet ,=ed e controllini minted with chine andwhich nent of the clutch in. full h e has opered by the i e ve coinpri,pression or reverse tuator in one direction and the seriesoti value keys{i2 depression of which cause rotation of the actuator in the reversedirection. Each series comprises nine consecutively numbered. keys and aclearance key 43 associated with each row of keys for releasing thedepressed keys therein. in the present arrangement, depression of any ofthe keys 4]. causes forward rotation of the actuator asin performing;problems in addition, and depression of any of the keys 42 causingIQYGISC rotation of the actuator as in performing, problems insulost-raction'. Depression of a key 41 serves to unlock and engage theclutch and position the automatic control unit in the positionrepresented by the value of the depressed key. Depression of any one ofthe keys 42 serves to perform these functions and in addition shifts thereversing gear from its normal forward drive posit-ion toreverse driveposition. The reversing gear shifting cam 28 is normally held in forwarddrive position by the spring 4&5 connected to the rock lever 46 whichconnected to the shifting cam 28 by the linlr ll", in Figure l, the cam28 is shown in the reverse drive position, having been moved to suchposition by depres sion of the key 42 in the reverse drive row of keys.Eachreverse d ive hey is provided on itsshanlr 51 with a cam pro lection52 which tits into a notch 53 in t e slide bar 5 1- so that a key is deslide bar is moved r: )L ward end, slide har 55 provided with a pin 55which tits in a slot in the lever 56, which is pivoted on the hracltet5?. end of the lever "a reduced end 5a which aperture ii 'i at the apex.J

or the rod 58 causes t: Y of the link. 'll rcreitorc, when any lreys idepressed, the l. position 28 in tion. 1 with bind the key operatedfinger 66. The

end with a pin 61 which normally lies in an upwardl extending notch 62in the end of. the clutch control bar 63, which bar is normally held inretracted position by the spring 64. Extending transversely from the bar63 is a pin 65 which liesdirectl beer 66 is secured to a gate 67, commonto b th rows of keys 41 and 42, and which is moved backward by thedepression. of any key. Backward movement of the gate and consequentlythe finger 66, causes backward movement of the clutch bar 63 against theaction of the spring 64, causing the clutch control lever 35 to rock onits pivot and move the. end thereof out of engagement with the clutchhousing 13. Therefore, depression of any of the keys 41 or 42, willcause the unlocking of the clutch housing and the en,- gagement of theclutch. Each of the keys 41 and 42 is provided on its shank 51 with acam projection 69 which extends through a slot in the slide bar 71.There is a slide bar associated with each row of keys and a unit in theboth slide bars at their rear ends are in contact with the gate 67.Therefore, as either of the kays is depressed the slide bar 71 is movedbackward to rock the gate 67 to cause engagement of the clutch. I

Means are provided for disengaging the clutch and locking the clutchhousing when the actuator has operated a number of times correspondingto the value of the depressed key. Associated with each row of keys 41and 42 (Fig. 3) is a value selecting lever "which in the presentinstance comprises a duplex lever. -.The duplex lever comprises a leverarm 73 pivoted at its forward end to the fixed bracket 74 (Fig. 9), anda lever arm 75 pivoted at its rear to the fixed bracket 76, the twolever arms being pivoted together intermediate their ends by the pivot77. The forward end of the leverarm 75 is in alignment with the rearportion of the lever arm 73 and these aligned portions of the lever armsunderlie the shanks of the keys so that depression of a key causes seelective movement of the rear end of the lever arm 73. The two lever arms73 of the two rows of keys 41 and 42 are connected together at theirrear ends where they are connected to the automatic selecting unit.Therefore, depression of a key in either row 41 or 42, serves toposition the selecting osition corresponding to the value of thedepressed key. The automatic selecting unit which is shown in Figures 3and 13 is fully described in my application hereinbefore referred to.Disposed within the machine is a slidable plate 81 having a stepped edge82, the plate being normally lield in a forward position by the spring83. Backward movement of the slide late 81 serves to free the clutchcontrol ever 35 from'the clutch bar 63, thus causing the lever to engageand lock the clutch housing. The slide plate 81 is moved backwardsduring the last operation of the actuator, as determined by the value ofthe depressed key. Associated with the stepped plate 81 is a rack bar 84which is in mesh with a pinion 85. The pinion is engaged by a tooth 85carried by the clutch housing, so that on each rotation of the clutchhousing, the rack bar is moved backward one step. A spring pressed pawl87, holds the rack bar in the retracted position. Pivoted to the frontend of the rack bar 84 is a lever carrying a pin 86 which lies in theplane of the stepped edge 82 of the slide plate 81. The lever 90 isangularly adjustable about its pivot on the rack bar 84, to bring thepin into alignment with a selected step on the front face of'the plate81, the successive steps differing from \each other in the value of one,so that, with the lever 90 set in aselected position, the pin 86 comesinto contact with the stepped face when the actuator has rotated anumber of times which is one less than the value selected by thedepression of the key. On the subsequent rotation of the actuator, thepin moves the slide plate 81 backward, and this backward movement of theslide plate operates to release the clutch control lever 35. Pivoted tothe slide plate 81 is a cam lever 88 the rear face of which is inengagement with a fixed abutment 89, so that back ward movement of thelower end of the cam lever, causes the lever to rock about the abutment.Extending laterally from the clutch control bar 63 is a pin 91 whichlies in contact with the cam face 92 of the lever 88, so that rotationof the lever 88- about its pivot moves the pin 91 upward, which mo tionserves to lift the clutch control bar 63 out of engagement with the pin61 on the clutch control lever, permitting the spring 37 to move theclutch control lever 35 to bring the rear-ends thereof into contact withthe surface of the clutch housing 13, so that the projection on the endsof the clutch control lever 35 drops into the aperture in the clutchhousing locking the housing in full cycle position and moving the dog 33to cause disengagement of the clutch. The lever 88 is provided on itsupper end with a lip 93 which overlies the detent 87 so that rockinmovement of the lever 88 serves to raise the detent and release the rackbar 84 which is then returned to its normal position by the spring 94.

The actuating lever 90 is selectively positioned by depression of thekeys in elther row 41 or 42. The lever arms 73 associated with the tworows of keys engage, at their rear ends, a pin 95 projecting from thelever 96 which is pivoted intermediate its end to the frame 97 of theautomatic rotation controlling mechanism and which is provided at itsother end with a pin 98 which extends inof the key has been completed.Each keystem 51 isprovided on its side with two notches 101 and 102 andeach row of keys is provided with ade'te'n't bar, the row 41 beingprovided with a detent bar 103 and the row 42 being provided with adetentbar 104. The detent bars 103 and 104 are pivoted .at their ends tothe frame of the key unit and are connected together by the screw link105, so that both bars are simultaneously rock'ed to release thedepressed key. The bar 104 is provided with an extending tongue 106 towhich is connected a spring 107 which tends to hold the bar in key stemengaging position. Means are provided for rocking the bars 103 and 104,on the backward movement of the slide plate 81, so that the depressedkeys will be released. Pivoted within the machine is a bell crank lever108, the forward end of which overlies the tongue 106, the other endbeing connected by the link 109 with the slide plate 81. As the slideplate 81 is moved backward by the pin 86, the forward end of the lever108 presses downward on the tongue 106, rocking the detent bars 103 and104 and releasing the depressed key. I

The keys 41 and 42 representing values from 2 to 9 inclusive are of'thesame construction. The keys 41 and 42 having the value of 1 are notprovided on their sides with notches which are adapted to be engaged bythe detent bars for holding these keys depressed. The depression ofeither of the number 1 keys positions the slide 90 in the number 1position and at the same time initiates the operation of the machine, sothat the pin 86 is immediately brought into contact with the steppedface of the slide, and this occurs before the key can return to raisedposition. and consequently there is no need of providing meansforholding these keys depressed. Each clearance key '43 is provided onits side with a cam surface 43, which is engaged by-the detent bar, sothat as the key 43 is depressed, the bar is rocked to release anydepressed key.

The lever 90 is normally positioned with the pin 86 in the zeroposition, .and, when the machine is operated other than by thedepression of one of the keys 4142, the

lever 90 remains in the zero position. The rack bar 84 is moved backwardone step for each rotation of the actuator, and, when the pin 86 is inthe zero position, means are actuated, for releasing the rack bar sothat it swings forward to its normal position. Pivoted to the frame 97is a lever 112 having a cam shaped front end 113 with which the pin 86is in contact when the pin is in normal position. 'The other end of thelever 112 underlies the pin 114 pro ecting from the end of the latchlever 87 so that as the pin 86 is moved backward by backward movement ofthe rack 84, the lever 112 is rocked on its pivot, raising the latch 114and releasing the rack bar 84, which is immediately returned to normalposition by the spring 94. Therefore, when the machine is not operatedby depression of one of the keys 41 or 42, the rack bar is merelyoscillated back and forth through one step. During this movement theslide plate 81 is not moved and consequently the clutch control lever 35is not released.

The machine is also provided with starting control keys 121 and 122depression of which respectively causes rotation of the actuator in areverse or forward direction. These keys (Fig. 12) cooperate with arocking plate 123 which is connected to the clutch control bar 63,depression of either of the keys serving to rock the plate 123 backwardto remove the clutch control lever 35 from engagement with the clutchhousing. The keys 121 and 122 also cooperate with the rocking lever 46to which the link 47 is con nected. The lever 46 is normally held in theforward position .by the spring 45. Depression of the starting controlke 122 will normally have no effect on the roc ing lever 46 whereasdepression of the negative starting control key .121 will rock the lever46 to shift. the cam 28 to reverse the driving gear. Therefore,depression of the key 121 will cause the actuator to be rotated in areverse direction, and depression of the key 122 will cause the actuatorto be rotated in.a forward direction.

Means are provided whereby the rotation of the actuator caused by thedepression of either key 121 or 122 will be limited to one rotation ormay continue as long as the key isheld depressed. For this purpose, themachine is provided with a key 124 (Figs. 10 and 11) which I havedesignated as the plus and minus key. When this ke is in its elevatedposition, the actuator wil rotate as long as the starting control key isheld depressed. When it is desired to perform problems in addition orsubtrac-.

tion, the key 124 is depressed and, by virtue of the pro'ection 125thereon cooperating with the slide 126, the key is-held in its depressedposition. A clear key 127 is provided for shifting the slide 126 andreleasing the depressed plug? and minus key 124.

Secured to the key 12 is an arm 128 which overlies the key set lever 75(Fig. 9) and, when the key 124 is depressed, the lever 75 is moved tothe 1 position, that is moved to a position to set the pin 86 in the 1position. With the pin 86 in this position, the first rotation of theclutch will cause the rack bar 84 to move the slide plate 81 to causethe release of the clutch. Therefore when the key 124 is depressed,depression of either key 121 or 122 will result in only one rotation ofthe actuator, regardless of whether or not the key 121 or 122 is helddepressed. The clearance key 127 also 1 serves to release the depressedkeys of the keyboard which have been depressed to introduce the firstfactor into the machine. As' shown in my copending application abovereferred to, these keyboard keys are held in depressed position by theslides 131, one of these keys 132, being shown in Figure 10 forthepurpose of illustration. The slide 131 is normally held forward bythe spring 133 and backward movement of the slide results in the releaseof the keyboard key. The slides are provided at their rear ends withupturned ends 134 and arranged in front and common to all of theupturned ends is a pivoted gate 135. Pivoted to the frame of themachine, and having one face thereof in contact with the gate 135, is alever 136, the front end of which underlies the stem of the clear key127. Therefore, when the key 127 is depressed, the lever 136 is rockedon its pivot, causing-the gate 135 to rock to move all of the' slides134 and thereby release the depressed keyboard keys. The gate 135 mayalso be rocked by the oscillating arm 138 which is provided on itsforward end with a hook which is adapted to engage the gate when the arm1 8 is positioned tomove in a path intersecting the gate. Normally, thearm 138 moves in a path below the gate but, upon the de ression of theplus and minus key 124, the key bears against the lever 139 whichcarrieson its inner end, a projection 141 on which the lever 138 rides.When the key 124 is depressed the projection 141 is raised, moving thehook on the end of the arm 138 into a position so that in its movementit intersects the gate so that, as the arm 138 is oscillated andreciprocated, during the operation of the machine, the lever 135 is roc(ed and consequently the keyboard keys are released during the firstoperation of the machine. This occurs, when the key 124 has beendepressed. When the ke is in its elevated position however the hoo: onthe end of the arm 138 passes below the gate 135so that the keys of thekeyboard are not released. The key 124 is depressed when it is desiredto perform problems in addition and subtraction, but when it is desiredto perform problems in multiplication and division, the key 124 isrestored to its elevated position. In Figures 15 and 16 I have shown amodified form of the machine embodying the present invention in whichonly a single row of rotation controlling keys 142 are employed.Normally, the depression of. any of these keys will cause rotation ofthe actuator in a forward direction for a number of times represented bythe value of the'key. In this modified form, the machine is providedwith a minus or reverse key 143 which may be latched in depressedposition. This key is connected by means of the bell crank lever 144.with the rod 145 which is-a'ssociated with the reversing link 47 in thesame manner as the rod 58 in Figure 1. Depression of the key 143therefore shifts the reversing mechanism to cause reverse drive of theactuator so that with such key 143 depressed, depression of one of thekeys 142 will cause rotation of the actuator in a reverse direction forthe number of times represented by the depressed value key. In otherrespects, the machine shown in Figures 15 and 16 is identical with themachine shown in the other drawings.

1 claim:

1. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversible rotaryactuator therefor, means for introducing one factor of the calculationinto the actuator, keys for introducing the second factor into themachine, a motor for rotating the actuator and means operated by thedepression of a key for causing the motor to rotate the actuator in thedesired direction and means correlated with the actuator for causing themotor to rotate the actuator for the duration required to effect thecalculation represented by the value of the depressed key.

2. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversible rotaryactuator therefor, means for introducing one factor of the calculationinto the actuator, keys for introducing the second factor into themachine, a motor for rotating the actuator, a reversing gear interposedbetween the motor and the actuator to cause rotation of the actuator ineither direction and means operated by the depression of a key forengaging the reverse gear and causing the motor to rotate the actuatorin the direction and for the duration required to effect the calculationrepresented by the value of the depressed key.

3. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversible rotaryactuator therefor, means for introducing one factor of the calculationinto the actuator, keys for introducing the second factor into themachine, a motor for rotating the actuator, a cluch interposed betweenthe motor and the actuator, a reversing gear interposed between themotor and the actuator and means operated by the depression of a key forcontrolling the clutch and reversing gear to cause wheels, reversibleactuating means therefor and means including a plurality of keysselectively operable by a single manual stroke to initiate and effectcontinuous forward or reverse. movement, of said actuating means andmeans correlated with the actuator for stopping the actuator after ithas operated for the number of cycles of operation determined by thevalue of the selected key.

5. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating'meanstherefor, a motor, a reversing gear interposed between the motor and theactuating means, a row of keys and means actuated by the depression ofany key for causing the motor to rotate the actuating means in a reversed1- rection.

6. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, and means to initiate and effect'continuous forward or reversemovement of said actuating means through a selected number of cycles ofoperation including two rows of keys, and means operated by thedepression of any key in one row serving to cause forward movement ofthe actuating means and by the depression of any key in the other row tocause reverse movement of the actuating means.

7. In a calculating machine, numeral Wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, and means operative by a single manual stroke to initiate andeffect continuous forward or reverse movement of said actuating meansthrough a selected number of cycles of operation including two rows ofnumerical value keys, means operated by the depression of a key in onerow serving to cause forward movement of the actuating means for aduration corresponding to the value of the depressed key and by thedepression of a key in the other row to cause reverse movement of theactuating means for a duration corresponding to the value of thedepressed key.

'8. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating.means therefor, a motor, reversing gearing interposed between the motorand the actuating means, means for controlling the number of rotationsof the actuating means, two rows of keys for setting said controllingmeans and means actuated by the depression of a key in one of said rowsfor shifting said reversing gearing.

9. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor for drivingsaid actuating means, a normally disengagedclutch interposed between the motor and the actuating means, two rows ofkeys for controlling the direc tion and duration of operation of theactuating means and a single clutch engaging means operatively connectedto the keys in the two rows.

10. In a calculating machine; numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor, a normally disengaged clutch interposed between themotor and the actuatin means a reversin 'earin inter osed between theclutch and the actuating means, means for predetermining the number ofoperations of the actuating means, a row of keys of different numericalvalue, and means operative by the depression of a key for op erating thereversing gearing engaging the clutch and positioning the operationpredetermining means in the position corresponding to the value of thedepressed key.

11. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor, reversing gearing interposed between the motor andthe actuating means, means for predetermining the number of operationsof the actuating means, a row of keys of different numerical value andmeans operative by the depression of a key for shifting the reversinggearing and positioning the operation predetermining means in theposition corresponding to the value of the depressed key.

12. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor, means for controlling the direction of operation ofthe actuating means, means for controlling the duration of operation ofthe actuating means and a plurality of value keys, depression of any keyserving to position the direction controlling means and the durationcontrolling means in accordance with the sign and value of the depressedkey.

13. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor for driving said actuating means, a plurality of valuekeys and means operated by the depression of a value key for determiningthe direction of operation of the actuating means.

14. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversible actuatingmeans therefor, a motor, reversing gearing interposed between the motorand the actuating means, means normally holding said reversing gearingin forward drive position, a plurality of keys for determining theduration of opera tion of the actuating means and means operated by thedepression of any key for moving the reversing gearing to reverse driveposition. i

15. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor, reversing gearing interposed between the motor andthe actuating means, a

normally disengaged clutch between the motor and the actuating means, aplurality of value keys for determining the direction of operation andthe duration of operation of the actuating means and means actuated bythe depression of any key for causing engagement of the clutch.

16. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor, a motor. a plurality of value keys of different sign. meansactuated by the depression of akey for determining the direction andduration of operation of the actuating means, means for holding thedepressed key depressed and means operative at the end of thecalculation for releasing the depressed key.

17. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, reversible actuating meanstherefor,

a motor, means for connecting the motor to and disconnecting it from theactuating means and calculating keys operative to determine the durationof connection of the motor to the actuating means and the dircction ofoperation of the actuating means.

18. In a calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversible rotaryactuator therefor, a motor normally disconnected from the actuator, keysfor determining the direction and number of rotations of the actuator,means operated by the depression of a key for connecting the motor tothe actuator and for determining the direction of rotation of theactuator and means for disconnecting the actuator fromthe motor when ithas rov tated the number of times represented by the value of thedepressed key.

19. In a motor driven calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversiblerotary actuator therefor, clutching and reversing mechanism between themotor and the actuator, a plurality of keys of different numericalvalue, means operative by the depression of a key for operating theclutching and reversing mechanism and means operative by the depressionof a key for predetermining the number of rotations of the actuator.

20. In a motor driven calculating machine, numeral wheels, a reversiblerotary actuator therefor, means between the motor and the actuator forconnecting the motor to the actuator and for determining the directionof rotation of the actuator, a plurality of keys of different numericalvalue, means operative by the depression of a key for connecting themotor to the actuator and deter mining the direction of rotation of theactuator, means driven in time with the actuator operative to disconnectthe motor from the actuator at the end of a predetermined number ofrotations of the actuator and means operative by the depression of a keyfor adjusting the said rotation controlling means.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

CARL M. F. FRIDEN.

